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I-Vancomycin hydrochloride CAS:1404-93-9
I-Vancomycin hydrochloride umuthi wama-antibiotic osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinzima ezibangelwa izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane. Iyingxenye yesigaba semithi ye-glycopeptide futhi isebenza ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-peptidoglycan, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yezindonga zamaseli ebhaktheriya. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo ezifana ne-MRSA, isifo sohudo esihlobene ne-Clostridium difficile, kanye ne-bacterial endocarditis..
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I-HEPPS CAS: 16052-06-5 Intengo Yomkhiqizi
I-HEPPS, emele i-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid, iyi-ejenti yokubopha ye-zwitterionic evame ukusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-biochemical. Yaziwa ngamandla ayo okubopha okuhle kanye nokuqina ebangeni elibanzi le-pH, ikakhulukazi ebangeni le-pH 6.8-8.2. I-HEPPS ivame ukusetshenziswa kwimidiya yokukhulisa amaseli, ukuhlanzwa kwamaprotheni, ukusabela kwe-enzyme, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga indawo ye-pH elawulwa kahle. Iyancibilika emanzini futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekugxilweni okusukela ku-10 mM kuya ku-100 mM. I-HEPPS ibhekwa njengengeyona ubuthi kumaseli futhi inokuphazamiseka okuphansi kwangemuva, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezinqubo eziningi zokuhlola.
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2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride CAS:298-96-4
I-2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-TTC, iyinhlanganisela evame ukusetshenziswa njengesibonakaliso se-redox ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye namakhemikhali. Ibonakala njengempuphu yekristalu ephuzi-mhlophe.
I-TTC ivame ukusetshenziswa ezivivinyweni ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuhlolwa ukuze kunqunywe ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli kanye nomsebenzi we-metabolic. Uma ingezwa kumaseli aphilayo, incishiswa ngama-enzyme ukuze yakhe umkhiqizo we-red formazan. Lokhu kunciphisa kuncike kuma-enzyme e-dehydrogenase asebenzayo akhona kumaseli asebenzayo. Ngenxa yalokho, inani le-red formazan elikhiqizwayo lilingana nenani lamaseli asebenzayo ngokwe-metabolic.
Ikhono le-TTC lokuhlola ukuphila kweseli lenza libe usizo ezindaweni zocwaningo ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-cytotoxicity, ukuhlolwa kokwanda kweseli, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kahle kwemithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa ku-microbiology ukuhlola ukukhula kwamagciwane, kanye nasezifundweni ezihilela ukukhuliswa kwezicubu zezitshalo kanye nokuhlolwa kokuphila kwezicubu.
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Usawoti we-p-nitroanilide p-toluenesulfonate we-Gly-Pro CAS: 65096-46-0
Usawoti we-p-toluenesulfonate we-Gly-Pro p-nitroanilide uyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali esetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwe-enzyme ukukala umsebenzi wama-peptidase athile e-proline. Uqukethe i-dipeptide i-Gly-Pro exhunywe eqenjini le-p-nitroanilide, elingakhishwa ngesenzo sama-peptidase athile e-proline.
Ekuhlolweni kwe-enzyme, le nhlanganisela ifakwa kusampula equkethe i-enzyme ethakazelisayo. I-enzyme ihlukanisa isibopho phakathi kwe-glycine (Gly) ne-proline (Pro), ikhulule iqembu le-p-nitroanilide. I-p-nitroanilide ekhishwe ingalinganiswa nge-spectrophotometric, okuvumela ukunqunywa komsebenzi we-enzyme.
Uhlobo lukasawoti lwe-p-toluenesulfonate lwe-Gly-Pro p-nitroanilide lunikeza ukuzinza nokuncibilika ezixazululweni zamanzi, okwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwalo ekuhlolweni kwe-enzyme..
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5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide CAS:4264-82-8
I-5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide iyinhlanganisela esetshenziswa ezifundweni ezahlukahlukene ze-biochemical, ikakhulukazi ekutholeni nasekuboneni umsebenzi we-enzyme. Kuyi-substrate engafakwa i-hydrolyzed ngama-enzyme athile, okuholela ekukhishweni komkhiqizo onombala noma okhanyayo.
Le nhlanganisela ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlolweni ukuthola ubukhona kanye nomsebenzi wama-enzyme afana ne-beta-galactosidase kanye ne-beta-glucuronidase. Lawa ma-enzyme ahlukanisa amaqembu e-acetyl kanye ne-glucosaminide kusuka ku-substrate, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-chromophore eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza.
Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide sivumela ukutholakala okulula kanye nokulinganisa umsebenzi we-enzyme. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kumasu ahlukahlukene okuhlola, okuhlanganisa i-histochemistry, i-immunohistochemistry, kanye nokuhlolwa okusekelwe kumaseli, kuye kwaba negalelo ekuqondeni kangcono imisebenzi ye-enzyme.
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I-AMPPD CAS: 122341-56-4 Intengo Yomkhiqizi
i-AMPPD, okufushane ngoba I-3-(2′-spiroadamantane)-4-methoxy-4-(3″-phosphoryloxy)phenyl-1,2-dioxetane, iyi-substrate ye-chemiluminescent evame ukusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-immuno. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ocwaningweni lwe-molecular biology, ekuxilongeni, kanye nasesayensini yokuphila.
I-AMPPD yenzelwe ngqo ukusetshenziswa kanye nama-enzyme e-alkaline phosphatase conjugates. Uma ivezwa ku-alkaline phosphatase, i-AMPPD ibhekana nokusabela okusheshayo nokuphumelelayo kokuqhekeka kwe-enzyme, okuholela ekukhishweni kokukhanya.
Ukukhanya okukhishwe yi-AMPPD kutholwa kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokuthwebula izithombe ezibucayi noma ama-luminometer, okuvumela ukulinganiswa kanye nokubonakala kwama-molecule noma ama-analyte aqondiwe. Le ndlela yokuthola esekelwe ku-chemiluminescence inikeza ukuzwela okuphezulu, umsindo ophansi wangemuva, kanye nobubanzi obuhlukahlukene.
Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kanye nesibonakaliso esihlala isikhathi eside, i-AMPPD ifaneleka kahle ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezifana ne-Western blotting, i-ELISA (i-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), i-DNA hybridization, kanye ne-in situ hybridization. Ivumela abacwaningi ukuthola nokuhlaziya amaprotheni, ama-nucleic acid, ama-antibodies, kanye namanye ama-biomolecule.
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2,6-Dichloroindophenol sodium salt CAS:620-45-1
I-3,5-Dichlorophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali evame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo. Iwusawoti we-diazonium, okusho ukuthi iqukethe iqembu le-diazonium (N2+) elinamathiselwe endandatho ye-phenyl ethathelwa indawo ngama-athomu e-chlorine ezindaweni zesithathu nezesi-5.
Le nhlanganisela ivame ukusetshenziswa ekusabeleni okuhlanganisa ukuhlangana nezinye izinhlanganisela ze-aromatic. Ingabhekana nokusabela okufana nokushintshaniswa kwe-aromatic nge-electrophilic, lapho ingadlulisela khona iqembu layo le-diazonium kwenye inhlanganisela ye-aromatic ye-nucleophilic ukuze yakhe isibopho esisha. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ekungenisweni kwamaqembu asebenzayo ezindongeni ze-aromatic..
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3,3′-Diaminobenzidine CAS:91-95-2
I-3,3′-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali evame ukusetshenziswa kumasu okupenda i-immunohistochemistry (IHC) kanye ne-immunocytochemistry (ICC). Kuyi-substrate ye-chromogenic ekhiqiza umkhiqizo wokusabela onsundu uma ubhekene nama-enzyme e-peroxidase, okubonisa ukuba khona kwe-antigen eqondiwe.
I-DAB ivame ukusetshenziswa ukubona ngeso lengqondo amaprotheni noma amanye ama-biomolecule athakazelisayo ngaphakathi kwamasampula ebhayoloji, njengezingxenye zezicubu noma amaseli. Inganikeza uphawu olubonakalayo nolubonakalayo lwe-antigen eqondiwe, okuvumela abacwaningi ukuthi babone futhi bahlaziye ukusatshalaliswa kwayo kanye nobuningi bayo.
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(±)-6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid I-CAS:53188-07-1
I-Trolox iyinhlanganisela yokwenziwa eyingxenye yeqembu lama-antioxidants aziwa ngokuthi ama-analog e-vitamin E. Iyi-antioxidant enamandla engasusa ama-free radicals futhi ivikele amaseli nezicubu ekulimaleni kwe-oxidative. I-Trolox ifundwe kabanzi ngezinzuzo zayo ezingaba khona kwezempilo, okuhlanganisa ikhono layo lokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukuvimbela ukulimala kwamangqamuzana, nokusekela impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ivame ukusetshenziswa njengenhlanganisela yokubhekisela ocwaningweni lwe-antioxidant kanye njengesithasiselo ekudleni okuhlukahlukene kanye nemikhiqizo yezimonyo.
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1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride CAS:25952-53-8
I-1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-EDC hydrochloride noma i-EDAC, iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali evame ukusetshenziswa ku-biochemistry kanye ne-molecular biology njenge-ejenti yokuhlanganisa ukuze kusebenze amaqembu e-carboxyl. Iyimpuphu emhlophe ekristalu encibilika kakhulu emanzini.
I-EDC hydrochloride isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwama-peptide namaprotheni ngokwenza kube lula ukwakheka kwama-amide bond phakathi kwamaqembu e-carboxyl nama-amino. Isebenza ngokwenza amaqembu e-carboxyl asebenze, asabela namaqembu ama-amino lapho kukhona i-coupling agent efana ne-N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Lokhu kusabela kuphumela ekwakhekeni kwama-amide bond azinzile.
I-EDC hydrochloride isetshenziswa futhi ocwaningweni lwe-DNA ne-RNA lokuguqula nokuxhumanisa ama-nucleic acid, kanye nokuvimbela ukunyakaza kwama-enzyme namanye ama-biomolecule ezindaweni. Kuyi-reagent eguquguqukayo engathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokucaciswa kwalezi zindlela zokusabela.
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I-HEPES CAS: 7365-45-9 Intengo Yomkhiqizi
I-HEPES (4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid) iyi-buffer yezinto eziphilayo evame ukusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwezinto eziphilayo nezamakhemikhali. Yaziwa ngekhono layo lokugcina i-pH ezinzile ezixazululweni zamanzi, okwenza ifaneleke ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene ezibandakanya izinqubo zamaseli kanye ne-enzymatic. I-HEPES iyinhlanganisela ye-zwitterionic, okusho ukuthi inezindleko ezinhle nezimbi emaqenjini ahlukene asebenzayo, okuyivumela ukuthi imelane nezinguquko ku-pH ezibangelwa ukwengezwa kwama-acid noma izisekelo. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhuleni kwamaseli, ekuhlolweni kwama-enzyme, ezifundweni zamaphrotheni, ekuhlolweni kwe-electrophoresis, kanye nasekusetshenzisweni kwemithi.
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i-p-Nitrophenyl -aL-Fucopyranoside CAS:10231-84-2
I-p-Nitrophenyl-α-L-Fucopyranoside iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali eyingxenye yekilasi lama-nitrophenyl glycosides. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwe-biochemical njengesisekelo se-enzyme i-α-L-fucosidase, evuselela i-hydrolysis yayo. Le nhlanganisela ayinambala futhi iyancibilika ezinyibilikisini eziphilayo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlola ama-enzyme.
