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I-Ethylparaben CAS:120-47-8
I-Ethylparaben iyinhlanganisela yokwenziwa esetshenziswa kabanzi ehlukaniswe njenge-paraben, enefomula yamakhemikhali i-CₙH₉O₂ kanye nesisindo sama-molecule esingaba ngu-164.18 g/mol. Ibonakala njengempuphu emhlophe ekristalu futhi iyancibilika ku-alcohol kanye ne-propylene glycol. I-Ethylparaben isebenza ngokuyinhloko njengesivikelo ekudleni, ezimonyweni, nasemikhiqizweni yemithi, ivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane, isikhunta kanye nemvubelo. Izakhiwo zayo zokulwa namagciwane kanye nobuthi obuphansi kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo phakathi kwabakhiqizi. Njengoba abathengi beqhubeka befuna ezinye izindlela eziphephile, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ethylparaben kuyaqhubeka nokuba yindaba yokuxoxisana mayelana nemiphumela engaba khona empilweni.
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I-2-Nitroacetophenone CAS:577-59-3
I-2-Nitroacetophenone iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yamakhemikhali i-C₈H₇N₁O₃, ebonakala ngeqembu le-nitro (-NO₂) kanye neqembu le-acetyl (-COCH₃) elinamathiselwe endandatho ye-phenyl. Lesi siqina esikhanyayo esiphuzi esicwebezelayo sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo futhi sisebenza njengesixhumi esibalulekile sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamadayi kanye nemithi. Ukuba khona kweqembu le-nitro kuthuthukisa ukusabela kwalo, okuvumela ukuthi lihlanganyele ekusabeleni okuningi kwamakhemikhali. Ngenxa yalokho, i-2-nitroacetophenone ibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezinto ezisebenzayo emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni.
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I-N-Formylmorpholine CAS:4394-85-8
I-N-Formylmorpholine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C₇H₉NO₂. Inendandatho ye-morpholine—isakhiwo esinamalungu ayisithupha se-heterocyclic esiqukethe i-oxygen eyodwa nama-athomu amahlanu e-carbon—esithathelwe indawo yiqembu le-formyl (-CHO). Lolu ketshezi olungenambala kuya kophuzi olukhanyayo lusetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-intermediate ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo futhi ludlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwemithi, amakhemikhali ezolimo, namakhemikhali amahle. Izakhiwo zalo ezihlukile zamakhemikhali zivumela ukusabela okuhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukutshintshwa kwe-nucleophilic kanye nokusabela kokuminyana, okwenza kube yinkimbinkimbi ebalulekile ezisetshenzisweni ezahlukene zezimboni.
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3-Aminopropanol CAS:156-87-6
I-3-Aminopropanol, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-3-aminopropyl alcohol, iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C₃H₉NO. Iqukethe uchungechunge lwe-carbon ezintathu oluneqembu lama-amino (-NH₂) kanye neqembu le-hydroxyl (-OH) kuma-athomu e-carbon aseduze. Lolu ketshezi olungenambala, oluqinile luyi-hygroscopic futhi luncibilika emanzini kanye nezinyibilikisi eziningi zezinto eziphilayo. I-3-Aminopropanol isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesixhumi esiphakathi ekwakhiweni kwemithi, amakhemikhali ezolimo, kanye nama-surfactants. Isakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele samakhemikhali siyivumela ukuthi ihlanganyele ekusabeleni okuhlukahlukene, okwenza kube yinkimbinkimbi ewusizo yezicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni.
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I-asidi ye-tannic CAS: 1401-55-4
I-Tannic acid, i-polyphenolic compound, itholakala ngokuyinhloko emithonjeni eyahlukene yezitshalo, okuhlanganisa i-oak bark, i-chestnut, kanye ne-sumac. Inefomula yamakhemikhali i-C₁₄H₁₀O₁₁ futhi yaziwa ngekhono layo lokwakha ama-complexes anamaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, nama-alkaloid. Le nto yemvelo ibonakala njengempuphu ephuzi noma ensundu futhi ibilokhu isetshenziswa esikhumbeni ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezincibilikisayo. Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwayo embonini yezindwangu, i-tannic acid isetshenziswa nasekucubungulweni kokudla neziphuzo, ekwakhiweni kwezokwelapha, kanye nanjenge-antioxidant emikhiqizweni eyahlukahlukene, iqokomisa ubunjalo bayo obuhlukahlukene.
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I-Isophthalic acid CAS:121-91-5
I-Isophthalic acid, i-benzene dicarboxylic acid, inefomula yamakhemikhali i-C₈H₆O₄ futhi iyinhlanganisela ebalulekile yezimboni. Inamaqembu amabili e-carboxylic acid (-COOH) abekwe ezindaweni ezingu-1,3 endandatho ye-benzene. I-Isophthalic acid isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwama-polyester nama-resin, okufaka isandla ezintweni ezinezici ezithuthukisiwe zokushisa nezomshini. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudlulela ezimbozweni, kumafayibha, kanye nama-plasticizer, lapho kuthuthukisa khona ukuqina nokumelana ne-hydrolysis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-isophthalic acid isebenza njengesihluthulelo esiyinhloko ekuhlanganisweni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, igcizelela ukubaluleka kwayo emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni.
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1-Bromooctane CAS:111-83-1
I-1-Bromooctane iyi-alkyl halide ye-straight-chain enefomula yama-molecule i-C₈H₁₉Br. Iqukethe i-athomu ye-bromine enamathiselwe ku-carbon yokuqala ye-octane chain, okwenza kube yi-bromoalkane eyinhloko. Lolu ketshezi olungenambala lusetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-reagent ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo futhi lusebenza njengomxhumanisi ekusabeleni okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali. I-1-Bromooctane ibamba iqhaza ekusabelani kokushintshana kwe-nucleophilic, okuvumela ukwakheka kwama-alcohols, ama-amine, namanye amakhemikhali. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele ziyenza ibe yigugu ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali akhethekile, ama-surfactants, kanye nemithi, okubonisa ukubaluleka kwayo kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni nezocwaningo.
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1-Naphthol CAS:90-15-3
I-1-Naphthol, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-α-naphthol noma i-naphthalen-1-ol, iyinhlanganisela ye-organic enuka kamnandi enefomula yama-molecule i-C₁₀H₈O. Iqukethe indandatho ye-naphthalene eneqembu le-hydroxyl (-OH) elibekwe ku-athomu yokuqala yekhabhoni. Lesi siqili esicwebezelayo sibonakala njengempuphu emhlophe kuya ephuzi elikhanyayo futhi sinezicelo ezibalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. I-1-Naphthol isebenza ngokuyinhloko njengomxhumanisi wokwenziwa kwamadayi, imibala, kanye nemithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nama-antioxidants, okubonisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokubaluleka kwayo ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza amakhemikhali.
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I-CAS ye-Bromoheptane engu-1-629-04-9
I-1-Bromoheptane iyi-alkyl halide yochungechunge oluqondile enefomula yamamolekyuli i-C₇H₁₅Br. Yakhiwe uchungechunge lwekhabhoni eziyisikhombisa olune-athomu ye-bromine enamathiselwe kukhabhoni yokuqala, okwenza kube yi-bromoalkane eyinhloko. Ngokuvamile itholakala njengoketshezi olungenambala, i-1-bromoheptane isetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Izakhiwo zayo ziyivumela ukuthi ihlanganyele ekusetshenzisweni kokushintshana kwe-nucleophilic, okwenza kube yindawo ebalulekile yokuhlanganisa ama-molecule e-organic ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nemithi kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isebenza njengesinyibilikisi kanye ne-reagent emalabhorethri, yandisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni eminingi yesayensi.
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2-Aminoacetophenone CAS:551-93-9
I-2-Aminoacetophenone, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-o-aminoacetophenone, iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C₈H₉NO. Iqukethe iqembu le-phenyl elixhunywe kokubili eqenjini lama-amino (-NH₂) kanye neqembu le-acetyl (-COCH₃), okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo. Lesi siqina esiphuzi esikhanyayo siyancibilika ezinyibilikisweni zezinto eziphilayo futhi sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni udayi, imithi, kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo. Amaqembu ayo asebenzayo akhuthaza ukusabela okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-molecule ayinkimbinkimbi abalulekile ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi, ngaleyo ndlela kugqamise ukubaluleka kwawo emkhakheni we-chemistry yezinto eziphilayo.
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I-2-Ethylhexyl acrylate CAS:103-11-7
I-2-Ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) iyinhlanganisela ewuketshezi engeyona imibala enefomula yamakhemikhali i-C₁₃H₂₄O₂. Ingokwesigaba sama-acrylates futhi yaziwa ngokuguquguquka kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukunamathela, kanye nezakhiwo zokumelana namanzi. Le monomer ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwama-copolymer nama-resin ahlukahlukene, okwenza ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kopende, ukumbozwa, izinamathiselo, kanye nezivalo. Ukuguquguquka kwe-2-Ethylhexyl acrylate kuyivumela ukuthi ithuthukise izici zokusebenza kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izimboni zezimoto nezokwakha, lapho ukuqina nokuguquguquka kubaluleke kakhulu.
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1,6-Dibromohexane CAS:629-03-8
I-1,6-Dibromohexane iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C₆H₁₂Br₂. Iyi-alkane eqondile kanye ne-derivative ye-hexane e-dihalogenated, lapho ama-athomu amabili e-bromine eshintshwa khona ezindaweni zekhabhoni zokuqala nezesithupha. Lolu ketshezi olungenambala kuya kophuzi olukhanyayo lusetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-intermediate ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwemithi, amakhemikhali ezolimo, kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa yokusabela kwayo, i-1,6-dibromohexane ihlanganyela ekusabeleni okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali, okuhlanganisa ukufakelwa kwe-nucleophilic kanye nokusabela kokuhlangana okuhlanganisiwe, okwenza kube yisakhiwo esibalulekile kumakhemikhali okwenziwa.
