I-Phenylgalactoside, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-p-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside (pNPG), iyi-substrate yokwenziwa evame ukusetshenziswa ezivivinyweni zebhayoloji yamakhemikhali namangqamuzana.Isetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile ukuthola kanye nokukala umsebenzi we-enzyme i-β-galactosidase.
Lapho i-phenylgalactoside i-hydrolyzed nge-β-galactosidase, ikhipha i-p-nitrophenol, okuyinhlanganisela enombala ophuzi.Ukukhululwa kwe-p-nitrophenol kungalinganiswa ngobuningi kusetshenziswa i-spectrophotometer, njengoba ukumunca kwe-p-nitrophenol kungatholwa kubude begagasi obungu-405 nm.