-
I-Biscyanatophenylpropane CAS:1156-51-0
I-Biscyanatophenylpropane iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali enamaqembu amabili e-cyano (–C≡N) anamathele kumgogodla we-phenylpropane. Ngefomula yama-molecule C₁₄H₁₃N₂, imelela uhlobo lwamakhemikhali anezicelo ezingaba khona ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukuba khona kwamaqembu e-cyano kunegalelo ekusebenzeni kwayo kabusha, okuvumela izinguquko ezahlukahlukene ezingaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinto ezintsha noma imithi. Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sale nhlanganisela senza kube yisihloko esithakazelisayo socwaningo ngezakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali kanye nokusetshenziswa okungenzeka ezisetshenzisweni ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nama-polymer, amakhemikhali ezolimo, noma ama-intermediate emithi.
-
I-Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate CAS:1189-71-5
I-Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali ehlukahlukene enefomula i-ClSO2NCO. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengendlela ephakathi kokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene e-organic, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwama-sulfonamides nezinye izinto zokwelapha. Amaqembu asebenzayo ahlukile e-CSI ayivumela ukuthi ihlanganyele ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, okwenza ibe yigugu kwisayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabela kwayo ngama-amine kanye notshwala kwenza ukwakheka kwe-sulfamoyl derivatives, enezicelo kumakhemikhali ezokwelapha. Ngenxa yezingozi zayo ezingokwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ubuthi kanye nokugqwala, ukuphatha i-chlorosulfonyl isocyanate kudinga izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile.
-
I-Ammonium benzoate CAS:1863-63-4
I-Ammonium benzoate iyi-crystalline salt emhlophe eyakhiwe ngenxa yokusabela kwe-benzoic acid kanye ne-ammonium hydroxide. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa nesilondolozi sokudla, isithako sokunambitha, kanye nezindlela zokwelapha. Embonini yokudla, i-ammonium benzoate isebenza ngokuyinhloko njengesilondolozi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokulwa namagciwane, ivimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta namabhaktheriya ekudleni okune-asidi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezinhlelo zokusebenza ekukhiqizweni kwemithi ethile kanye nezimonyo. Ukuphepha kwayo ekusetshenzisweni kuye kwasungulwa yiziphathimandla ezilawulayo, yize kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphakathi kwemingcele enconywayo.
-
I-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide CAS:1072-53-3
I-1,3,2-Dioxathiolane I-2,2-dioxide, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-dioxathiolane S-oxide, iyinhlanganisela ye-heterocyclic equkethe i-sulfur enefomula yama-molecule i-C3H6O3S. Le nhlanganisela inesakhiwo sendandatho ye-dioxathiolane, ebonakala ngokuhleleka kwayo okuhlukile kwama-athomu esibabule nomoya-mpilo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye njenge-reagent ekusabeleni okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwesibabule nomoya-mpilo, ikhombisa ukusabela okuhlukile okungasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwama-molecule ezinto eziphilayo ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ucwaningo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwayo luhlanganisa imithi, amakhemikhali ezolimo, kanye nesayensi yezinto zokwakha, luqokomisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokubaluleka kwayo kumakhemikhali okwenziwa.
-
I-3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic acid CAS:14657-64-8
I-3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic acid iyinhlanganisela ye-organophosphorus ebonakala ngeqembu le-phosphinyl elixhunywe engxenyeni ye-propanoic acid kanye nendandatho ye-phenyl ethathelwe indawo yi-hydroxyl. Ngefomula yama-molecule i-C₉H₁₁O₄P, le nhlanganisela ikhombisa izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezihlukile ezingase zisebenze ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye namakhemikhali okwelapha. Ukuba khona kweqembu le-phenolic hydroxyl kanye neqembu elisebenzayo le-phosphinyl kusikisela umsebenzi ongaba khona webhayoloji, okwenza kube yinto efanelekile yokucwaninga okwengeziwe ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokwelapha. Isakhiwo sayo sinikeza ukuguquguquka kokuguqulwa okuhlose ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi noma ukucaciswa ekwakhiweni kwemithi.
-
i-vidarabine CAS:5536-17-4
I-Vidarabine, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A), iyi-analog ye-adenosine eyenziwe nge-nucleoside. Ekuqaleni yathuthukiswa njenge-antiviral, ibilokhu isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa yi-herpes simplex virus (HSV) kanye ne-varicella-zoster virus (VZV). I-Vidarabine ivimbela ukuphindaphindeka kwamagciwane ngokuphazamisa ukwakheka kwe-DNA ne-RNA yegciwane, okwenza iphumelele ekuphatheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezibangelwa amagciwane. Isakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele siyivumela ukuthi ifakwe kuma-nucleic acid, ngaleyo ndlela iphazamise izinqubo ezijwayelekile zamaseli. Nakuba ingasetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yokuvela kwemithi emisha yokulwa namagciwane, i-vidarabine isabalulekile ocwaningweni lwe-virology.
-
i-uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:3083-77-0
I-Uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-ara-U, iyi-analog ye-nucleoside etholakala ku-uracil equkethe ingxenye kashukela ye-arabinofuranosyl. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-uridine yemvelo. I-Ara-U iye yacwaningwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezingaba khona zokulwa namagciwane, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene namagciwane e-RNA. Isebenza ngokuvimbela ukuphindaphindana kwamagciwane ngezindlela ezifana nezezinye izinhlobo ze-nucleoside, okwenza kube yinto efanelekile yokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ekwelapheni ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Izici ezihlukile zesakhiwo se-uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside zivumela ukusebenzisana nama-virus polymerase, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemithi.
-
i-cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:147-94-4
I-Cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-ara-C noma i-cytarabine, iyi-nucleoside analog ye-cytosine. Iqukethe ushukela we-arabinofuranosyl, okuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo ezinhlelweni zezinto eziphilayo. I-Ara-C isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza we-hematological njenge-acute myeloid leukemia (AML) kanye ne-non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Indlela esebenza ngayo ihilela ukufakwa kwi-DNA, okuholela ekuvinjelweni kokwenziwa kwe-DNA futhi ekugcineni kubangele i-apoptosis kumaseli ahlukana ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ngokumelene nomdlavuza, i-cytarabine ihlala iyitshe lesisekelo emithini yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali.
-
I-Cyclocytidine hydrochloride CAS:10212-25-6
I-Cyclocytidine hydrochloride iyi-analog ye-cyclic nucleoside etholakala ku-cytidine, enesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-bicyclic esithuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ocwaningweni lwemithi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezicelo zayo zokwelapha ezingaba khona, ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni kwe-antiviral kanye nokulwa nomdlavuza. I-Cyclocytidine ingaguqula i-metabolism ye-nucleic acid futhi ithonye izindlela zamaseli, okwenza ibe yikhompiyutha ewusizo yokufunda ukusebenzisana kwama-molecule ngaphakathi kwamaseli. Izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali zivumela abacwaningi ukuthi bahlole izindlela ezintsha zokuklama nokulethwa kwemithi, banikeze izindlela ezithembisayo zokwelapha izifo ezihlobene nomsebenzi ongavamile we-nucleic acid.
-
I-Adenosine Cyclophosphate CAS:60-92-4
I-Adenosine cyclophosphate, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), iyisithunywa sesibili esibalulekile ezindleleni zokubonisana kwamaseli. Yenziwa kusukela ku-ATP ngesenzo se-adenylate cyclase futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuxazululeni izimpendulo ezahlukene zomzimba emzimbeni. I-cAMP isebenza ngokusebenzisa i-protein kinase A (PKA) kanye nezinye izigameko zokubonisana, okuholela emiphumeleni eyahlukahlukene yezinto eziphilayo, okuhlanganisa ukulawulwa kwe-metabolism, ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, kanye nokwanda kwamaseli. Ukubaluleka kwayo kuhlanganisa izinhlelo eziningi, okuhlanganisa izinhlelo zezinzwa neze-endocrine, okwenza i-cAMP ibe ngumdlali obalulekile ekugcineni i-homeostasis yamaseli kanye nokusabela ezicini zangaphandle.
-
I-Adenosine 5′-monophosphate CAS:61-19-8
I-Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) iyi-nucleotide edlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli kanye nokudluliswa kwamandla. Yakhiwe ngesisekelo se-adenine, ushukela we-ribose, kanye neqembu elilodwa le-phosphate, i-AMP ihilelekile ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene ze-biochemical, okuhlanganisa ukwenziwa kwe-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) kanye ne-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Njenge-molecule yokubonisa, i-AMP ilawula izindlela ze-metabolic futhi isebenza njengesandulela esibalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwe-nucleotide. Amazinga ayo ngaphakathi kwamaseli ahlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesimo samandla eseli, okwenza kube kubalulekile ekugcineni i-homeostasis kanye nokusekela imisebenzi ye-physiological ezintweni eziphilayo.
-
I-N(2),9-Diacetylguanine CAS:3056-33-5
I-N(2),9-I-Diacetylguanine iyi-derivative yokwenziwa ye-guanine, ephawulekayo ngokwengeza amaqembu e-acetyl ezindaweni ze-nitrogen 2 no-9. Lokhu kuguqulwa kushintsha izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nemisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo ze-guanine, kuthuthukisa ukuncibilika kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo. I-N(2),9-I-Diacetylguanine isebenza njengesakhiwo esibalulekile kumakhemikhali e-nucleic acid, idlala indima ebalulekile ocwaningweni oluhlobene nezakhiwo ze-DNA ne-RNA. Izici zayo ezihlukile ziyenza ibe usizo ekuthuthukiseni ama-probe amasha kanye nama-ejenti okwelapha, okuvumela ososayensi ukuthi baphenye izindlela zamaseli kanye nokulawulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngempumelelo enkulu.
