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I-Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate CAS:1189-71-5
I-Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali ehlukahlukene enefomula i-ClSO2NCO. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengendlela ephakathi kokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene e-organic, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwama-sulfonamides nezinye izinto zokwelapha. Amaqembu asebenzayo ahlukile e-CSI ayivumela ukuthi ihlanganyele ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, okwenza ibe yigugu kwisayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabela kwayo ngama-amine kanye notshwala kwenza ukwakheka kwe-sulfamoyl derivatives, enezicelo kumakhemikhali ezokwelapha. Ngenxa yezingozi zayo ezingokwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ubuthi kanye nokugqwala, ukuphatha i-chlorosulfonyl isocyanate kudinga izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile.
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I-Ammonium benzoate CAS:1863-63-4
I-Ammonium benzoate iyi-crystalline salt emhlophe eyakhiwe ngenxa yokusabela kwe-benzoic acid kanye ne-ammonium hydroxide. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa nesilondolozi sokudla, isithako sokunambitha, kanye nezindlela zokwelapha. Embonini yokudla, i-ammonium benzoate isebenza ngokuyinhloko njengesilondolozi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokulwa namagciwane, ivimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta namabhaktheriya ekudleni okune-asidi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezinhlelo zokusebenza ekukhiqizweni kwemithi ethile kanye nezimonyo. Ukuphepha kwayo ekusetshenzisweni kuye kwasungulwa yiziphathimandla ezilawulayo, yize kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphakathi kwemingcele enconywayo.
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I-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide CAS:1072-53-3
I-1,3,2-Dioxathiolane I-2,2-dioxide, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-dioxathiolane S-oxide, iyinhlanganisela ye-heterocyclic equkethe i-sulfur enefomula yama-molecule i-C3H6O3S. Le nhlanganisela inesakhiwo sendandatho ye-dioxathiolane, ebonakala ngokuhleleka kwayo okuhlukile kwama-athomu esibabule nomoya-mpilo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye njenge-reagent ekusabeleni okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwesibabule nomoya-mpilo, ikhombisa ukusabela okuhlukile okungasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwama-molecule ezinto eziphilayo ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ucwaningo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwayo luhlanganisa imithi, amakhemikhali ezolimo, kanye nesayensi yezinto zokwakha, luqokomisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokubaluleka kwayo kumakhemikhali okwenziwa.
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I-3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic acid CAS:14657-64-8
I-3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic acid iyinhlanganisela ye-organophosphorus ebonakala ngeqembu le-phosphinyl elixhunywe engxenyeni ye-propanoic acid kanye nendandatho ye-phenyl ethathelwe indawo yi-hydroxyl. Ngefomula yama-molecule i-C₉H₁₁O₄P, le nhlanganisela ikhombisa izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezihlukile ezingase zisebenze ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye namakhemikhali okwelapha. Ukuba khona kweqembu le-phenolic hydroxyl kanye neqembu elisebenzayo le-phosphinyl kusikisela umsebenzi ongaba khona webhayoloji, okwenza kube yinto efanelekile yokucwaninga okwengeziwe ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokwelapha. Isakhiwo sayo sinikeza ukuguquguquka kokuguqulwa okuhlose ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi noma ukucaciswa ekwakhiweni kwemithi.
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i-vidarabine CAS:5536-17-4
I-Vidarabine, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A), iyi-analog ye-adenosine eyenziwe nge-nucleoside. Ekuqaleni yathuthukiswa njenge-antiviral, ibilokhu isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa yi-herpes simplex virus (HSV) kanye ne-varicella-zoster virus (VZV). I-Vidarabine ivimbela ukuphindaphindeka kwamagciwane ngokuphazamisa ukwakheka kwe-DNA ne-RNA yegciwane, okwenza iphumelele ekuphatheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezibangelwa amagciwane. Isakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele siyivumela ukuthi ifakwe kuma-nucleic acid, ngaleyo ndlela iphazamise izinqubo ezijwayelekile zamaseli. Nakuba ingasetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yokuvela kwemithi emisha yokulwa namagciwane, i-vidarabine isabalulekile ocwaningweni lwe-virology.
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i-uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:3083-77-0
I-Uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-ara-U, iyi-analog ye-nucleoside etholakala ku-uracil equkethe ingxenye kashukela ye-arabinofuranosyl. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-uridine yemvelo. I-Ara-U iye yacwaningwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezingaba khona zokulwa namagciwane, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene namagciwane e-RNA. Isebenza ngokuvimbela ukuphindaphindana kwamagciwane ngezindlela ezifana nezezinye izinhlobo ze-nucleoside, okwenza kube yinto efanelekile yokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ekwelapheni ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Izici ezihlukile zesakhiwo se-uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside zivumela ukusebenzisana nama-virus polymerase, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemithi.
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i-cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:147-94-4
I-Cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-ara-C noma i-cytarabine, iyi-nucleoside analog ye-cytosine. Iqukethe ushukela we-arabinofuranosyl, okuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo ezinhlelweni zezinto eziphilayo. I-Ara-C isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza we-hematological njenge-acute myeloid leukemia (AML) kanye ne-non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Indlela esebenza ngayo ihilela ukufakwa kwi-DNA, okuholela ekuvinjelweni kokwenziwa kwe-DNA futhi ekugcineni kubangele i-apoptosis kumaseli ahlukana ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ngokumelene nomdlavuza, i-cytarabine ihlala iyitshe lesisekelo emithini yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali.
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I-Cyclocytidine hydrochloride CAS:10212-25-6
I-Cyclocytidine hydrochloride iyi-analog ye-cyclic nucleoside etholakala ku-cytidine, enesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-bicyclic esithuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ocwaningweni lwemithi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezicelo zayo zokwelapha ezingaba khona, ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni kwe-antiviral kanye nokulwa nomdlavuza. I-Cyclocytidine ingaguqula i-metabolism ye-nucleic acid futhi ithonye izindlela zamaseli, okwenza ibe yikhompiyutha ewusizo yokufunda ukusebenzisana kwama-molecule ngaphakathi kwamaseli. Izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali zivumela abacwaningi ukuthi bahlole izindlela ezintsha zokuklama nokulethwa kwemithi, banikeze izindlela ezithembisayo zokwelapha izifo ezihlobene nomsebenzi ongavamile we-nucleic acid.
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I-Adenosine Cyclophosphate CAS:60-92-4
I-Adenosine cyclophosphate, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), iyisithunywa sesibili esibalulekile ezindleleni zokubonisana kwamaseli. Yenziwa kusukela ku-ATP ngesenzo se-adenylate cyclase futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuxazululeni izimpendulo ezahlukene zomzimba emzimbeni. I-cAMP isebenza ngokusebenzisa i-protein kinase A (PKA) kanye nezinye izigameko zokubonisana, okuholela emiphumeleni eyahlukahlukene yezinto eziphilayo, okuhlanganisa ukulawulwa kwe-metabolism, ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, kanye nokwanda kwamaseli. Ukubaluleka kwayo kuhlanganisa izinhlelo eziningi, okuhlanganisa izinhlelo zezinzwa neze-endocrine, okwenza i-cAMP ibe ngumdlali obalulekile ekugcineni i-homeostasis yamaseli kanye nokusabela ezicini zangaphandle.
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I-Adenosine 5′-monophosphate CAS:61-19-8
I-Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) iyi-nucleotide edlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli kanye nokudluliswa kwamandla. Yakhiwe ngesisekelo se-adenine, ushukela we-ribose, kanye neqembu elilodwa le-phosphate, i-AMP ihilelekile ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene ze-biochemical, okuhlanganisa ukwenziwa kwe-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) kanye ne-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Njenge-molecule yokubonisa, i-AMP ilawula izindlela ze-metabolic futhi isebenza njengesandulela esibalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwe-nucleotide. Amazinga ayo ngaphakathi kwamaseli ahlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesimo samandla eseli, okwenza kube kubalulekile ekugcineni i-homeostasis kanye nokusekela imisebenzi ye-physiological ezintweni eziphilayo.
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I-N(2),9-Diacetylguanine CAS:3056-33-5
I-N(2),9-I-Diacetylguanine iyi-derivative yokwenziwa ye-guanine, ephawulekayo ngokwengeza amaqembu e-acetyl ezindaweni ze-nitrogen 2 no-9. Lokhu kuguqulwa kushintsha izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nemisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo ze-guanine, kuthuthukisa ukuncibilika kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo. I-N(2),9-I-Diacetylguanine isebenza njengesakhiwo esibalulekile kumakhemikhali e-nucleic acid, idlala indima ebalulekile ocwaningweni oluhlobene nezakhiwo ze-DNA ne-RNA. Izici zayo ezihlukile ziyenza ibe usizo ekuthuthukiseni ama-probe amasha kanye nama-ejenti okwelapha, okuvumela ososayensi ukuthi baphenye izindlela zamaseli kanye nokulawulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngempumelelo enkulu.
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I-Adenosine CAS:58-61-7
I-Adenosine iyi-nucleoside eyakhiwe yi-adenine ne-ribose, edlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli. Isebenza njengesisekelo sokwakha i-adenosine triphosphate (ATP), uhlobo lwamandla oluyinhloko ezinhlelweni zezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi yayo ehlobene namandla, i-adenosine ihilelekile ezinqubweni ezahlukene zomzimba, okuhlanganisa ukudluliselwa kwemizwa, ukujikeleza kwegazi, kanye nokulawula umjikelezo wokulala nokuvuka. Isebenza kuma-receptor athile, ithonya izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nokugeleza kwegazi. Ngokwezokwelapha, i-adenosine isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni ama-arrhythmia athile enhliziyo. Izindima zayo eziningi zigcizelela ukubaluleka kwe-adenosine kokubili empilweni nasezifweni.
