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2-CHLORO-3-FLUORO-4-FORMYLPYRIDINE CAS:329794-28-7
2-I-Chloro-3-fluoro-4-formylpyridine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C6H4ClFNO. Iqukethe indandatho ye-pyridine ethathelwe indawo yi-athomu ye-chlorine endaweni engu-2, i-athomu ye-fluorine endaweni engu-3, kanye neqembu le-formyl (-CHO) endaweni engu-4. Le patheni ehlukile yokufaka esikhundleni inikeza izakhiwo ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukile ezithuthukisa ukusabela kwayo. Ukuba khona kwama-halogen kwandisa i-electrophilicity, okwenza ifaneleke ekufakweni kwe-nucleophilic kanye nokunye ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali. Ivame ukusetshenziswa kumakhemikhali ezokwelapha, i-2-chloro-3-fluoro-4-formylpyridine isebenza njengesixhumi esibalulekile sokwenza amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene asebenzayo kanye nemithi emisha.
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I-3-Iodopyridin-2-amine CAS:104830-06-0
I-3-Iodopyridin-2-amine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo ebonakala ngefomula yama-molecule i-C5H5IN2. Le molekyuli inendandatho ye-pyridine ene-iodide esikhundleni se-3-position kanye neqembu lama-amino endaweni ye-2-position. Ukuba khona kwe-iodine kwethula uphawu olubalulekile lwe-electrophilic, kuyilapho iqembu lama-amino lithuthukisa i-nucleophilicity, okuholela ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile. Njenge-intermediate eguquguqukayo, i-3-iodopyridin-2-amine idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi embonini yezemithi, lapho ingasetshenziswa khona ukuthuthukisa amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene asebenzayo. Isakhiwo sayo esihlukile senza ukuthi ifaneleke kwisayensi yezinto zokwakha ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezisebenzayo.
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3-Amino-2-picoline CAS:3430-10-2
3-I-Amino-2-picoline iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C6H8N2. Yakhiwe ngendandatho ye-pyridine eneqembu lama-amino endaweni engu-3 kanye neqembu le-methyl endaweni engu-2. Le ndlela ehlukile yokufaka esikhundleni ithonya izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali, okwenza ibe yindawo ebalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo. Iqembu lama-amino linikeza uhlamvu lwe-nucleophilic, kuyilapho ukuba khona kweqembu le-methyl kungathinta ukusatshalaliswa kwe-elekthronikhi, kuthuthukise ukusabela kwenhlanganisela. I-3-Amino-2-picoline ithola ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, amakhemikhali ezolimo, kanye nesayensi yezinto, lapho isebenza khona njengesisekelo sokuthuthukisa amakhemikhali asebenzayo nezinto ezisebenzayo.
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I-2-CHLORO-5-FLUORO-3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE CAS:884494-35-3
2-I-Chloro-5-fluoro-3-hydroxypyridine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C6H5ClFNO. Iqukethe indandatho ye-pyridine ethathelwe indawo yi-athomu ye-chlorine endaweni engu-2, i-athomu ye-fluorine endaweni engu-5, kanye neqembu le-hydroxyl (-OH) endaweni engu-3. Le ndlela ehlukile yokufaka esikhundleni ithinta izakhiwo zayo ze-elekthronikhi, ithuthukisa ukusabela futhi iyenze ifanelekele ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Ukuba khona kwama-halogens kwandisa i-electrophilicity, kuyilapho iqembu le-hydroxyl livumela ukusebenzisana kwe-hydrogen bonding. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa kumakhemikhali ezokwelapha, i-2-chloro-5-fluoro-3-hydroxypyridine isebenza njengesikhungo esibalulekile sokwenza amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene asebenzayo.
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3-Amino-5-bromo-2-chloropyridine CAS:588729-99-1
3-I-Amino-5-bromo-2-chloropyridine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C5H4BrClN2. Iqukethe indandatho ye-pyridine ethathelwe indawo yiqembu lama-amino endaweni engu-3, iqembu le-bromo endaweni engu-5, kanye neqembu le-chloro endaweni engu-2. Le ndlela ehlukile yokufaka esikhundleni inika inhlanganisela izakhiwo ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukile, okwenza ibe yindawo ebalulekile ekhemistri yokwenziwa. Ukuba khona kwamaqembu okukhipha ama-electron (i-bromo ne-chloro) kanye nama-electron-donating (amino) kuthonya ukusabela kwayo ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ekutholakaleni kwemithi kanye nentuthuko yezolimo, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo ocwaningweni lwekhemistri yezokwelapha neyezinto eziphilayo.
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3,5-DICHLOROISONICOTINIC ACID CAS:13958-93-5
I-3,5-Dichoroisonicotinic acid iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C6H3Cl2N O2. Iqukethe indandatho ye-pyridine enomsebenzi we-carboxylic acid, equkethe izinto ezimbili ezithatha indawo ye-chlorine ezindaweni ezi-3- kanye nezi-5-. Le nhlanganisela ibalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-chemistry yezokwelapha, isebenza njengesikhungo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa imithi ehlukahlukene kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo. Ukuba khona kwe-dichlorination kuthuthukisa ukusabela kwayo, okuvumela ukuthi ihlanganyele ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Ucwaningo nge-3,5-dichloroisonicotinic acid lungaholela ezinhlakeni ezintsha ezinezicelo zokwelapha ezingaba khona, okwenza kube yindaba ethakazelisayo kokubili kosokhemisi kanye nosokhemisi.
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I-2-Chloro-4-methyl-3-nitropyridine CAS:23056-39-5
2-I-Chloro-4-methyl-3-nitropyridine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C6H6ClN O2. Iqukethe indandatho ye-pyridine equkethe i-athomu ye-chlorine endaweni engu-2, iqembu le-methyl endaweni engu-4, kanye neqembu le-nitro endaweni engu-3. Le ndlela ehlukile yokufaka esikhundleni inika izakhiwo ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukile, okwenza ibe yindawo ebalulekile ekhemistri yokwenziwa. Ukuba khona kwezinto ezithatha indawo ye-electron (methyl) kanye ne-electron-withdrawal (nitro, chloro) kuthonya ukusabela kwayo, okuvumela ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali okuhlukahlukene. Ucwaningo ngale nhlanganisela lunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona kwezemithi kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo, luqokomisa ukubaluleka kwalo kukhemistri yezokwelapha.
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I-5-ACETYL-2-METHOXYPYRIDINE, 97% CAS:213193-32-9
5-I-Acetyl-2-methoxypyridine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C8H9NO2. Inendandatho ye-pyridine ethathelwe indawo yiqembu le-acetyl endaweni engu-5 kanye neqembu le-methoxy endaweni engu-2. Le molekyuli ikhombisa izici ezithakazelisayo ze-elekthronikhi ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaqembu anikela ngama-electron (i-methoxy) kanye namaqembu akhipha ama-electron (i-acetyl), okuthonya ukusabela kwayo ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali. Le nhlanganisela ibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi njengesisekelo sokwakha imithi kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo. Ukusabela kwayo okuguquguqukayo kwenza izinguquko ezahlukahlukene, okwenza kube yindawo ebalulekile ekhemistri yokwenziwa kanye nocwaningo lwamakhemikhali amasha asebenzayo ngokwezinto eziphilayo.
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2-BROMO-4,6-DIMETHYLPYRIDINE CAS:4926-26-5
2-I-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyridine iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C8H10BrN. Iqukethe indandatho ye-pyridine ethathelwa indawo yi-athomu ye-bromine endaweni engu-2 kanye namaqembu amabili e-methyl ezindaweni ezingu-4 kanye no-6. Le ndlela ehlukile yokushintsha ithuthukisa izakhiwo ze-elekthronikhi ze-molecule, okwenza ibe yindawo ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukuba khona kwe-athomu ye-bromine kwenza kube lula ukushintsha kwe-nucleophilic, kuyilapho amaqembu e-methyl ethinta ama-sterics kanye nokusabela. Ivame ukusetshenziswa emithini yemithi kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo, i-2-bromo-4,6-dimethylpyridine isebenza njengesandulela samakhemikhali ahlukahlukene asebenzayo nezinto ezisebenzayo.
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I-CAS ye-2,4-Dibromonicotinic acid: 1269291-41-9
I-2,4-Dibromonicotinic acid iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule i-C6H4Br2N O2. Iqukethe indandatho ye-pyridine enezithako ze-bromine ezindaweni ezi-2- kanye nezi-4- kanye neqembu elisebenzayo le-carboxylic acid. Le nhlanganisela inesithakazelo ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-chemistry yezokwelapha njengoba isebenza njengomxhumanisi obalulekile ekulungiseleleni imithi ehlukahlukene kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo. Ukuba khona kwe-bromine kuthuthukisa ukusabela kwayo, okuvumela ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali okuguquguqukayo. Ukuphenya izakhiwo kanye nokuziphatha kwe-2,4-dibromonicotinic acid kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhemikhali amasha anezicelo zokwelapha ezingaba khona.
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3-CHLOROISONICOTINALDEHYDE CAS:72990-37-5
3-I-Chloroisonicotinaldehyde iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo enefomula yama-molecule ye-C7H6ClN futhi inendandatho ye-pyridine equkethe kokubili i-chloro substituent kanye neqembu elisebenzayo le-aldehyde. Le nhlanganisela iphawuleka ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okungenzeka ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukisweni kwezidakamizwa eziphakathi. Ukuba khona kwesikhundla se-chlorine kuthuthukisa ukusabela kwe-molecule, okuvumela ukuthi ihlanganyele ekusabeleni okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali, njengokushintshaniswa kwe-nucleophilic kanye nokusabela kwe-condensation. Ukuqonda izakhiwo zayo kanye nokusabela kubalulekile kosokhemisi ababandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali amasha nemisebenzi engaba khona yezinto eziphilayo.
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3-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 6-ethoxy- (9CI) CAS:97455-61-3
3-I-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 6-ethoxy- (9CI) iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali enefomula yama-molecule i-C10H11NO2. Ifaka indandatho ye-pyridine ethathelwe indawo yi-aldehyde kanye neqembu le-ethoxy ezindaweni ezithile. Le nhlanganisela isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini zemithi kanye nezolimo. Isakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele sivumela ukusabela okungasetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zamakhemikhali, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile. Ukuqonda izakhiwo zayo kanye nokuziphatha ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene kusiza osokhemisi ekuthuthukiseni amakhemikhali amasha kanye nokuthuthukisa izindlela ezinqubweni zokwenziwa.
